what causes my 1999 grand cherokee engine to keep on running when the ker id tutn off

Motor vehicle

Jeep Grand Cherokee
Overview
Manufacturer	Jeep[a]
Production	1992–present
Model years	1993–present
Body and chassis
Class	Mid-size SUV
Torso fashion	5-door SUV
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel bulldoze or four-cycle drive
Chronology
Predecessor	Jeep Wagoneer/Grand Wagoneer (G Cherokee)

The Jeep K Cherokee is a range of mid-size SUVs produced by the American manufacturer Jeep.^[1] At its introduction, while nearly SUVs were still manufactured with torso-on-frame structure, the G Cherokee has used a unibody chassis from the beginning.^[2]

Development [edit]

The Chiliad Cherokee's origins date back to 1983 when American Motors Corporation (AMC) was designing a successor to the smaller Jeep Cherokee (XJ).^[three] 3 outside (non-AMC) designers—Larry Shinoda, Alain Clenet, and Giorgetto Giugiaro—were too under contract with AMC to create and build a clay model of the Cherokee XJ replacement, so known as the "XJC" projection.^[4] Nevertheless, the basic pattern for the Cherokee'due south replacement was well under way by AMC's in-house designers and the 1989 Jeep Concept 1 evidence machine foretold the basic pattern.^[v]

As AMC began development of the next Jeep in 1985, management created a business organization process that is at present known as product lifecycle management (PLM).^[six] According to François Castaing, Vice President for Product Applied science and Development, the smallest U.S. automaker was looking for a way to speed upward its product evolution process to compete amend confronting its larger competitors.^[7] The XJC'due south development was aided by figurer-aided blueprint (CAD) software systems making the engineers more productive. Meanwhile, new communication systems allowed potential conflicts to be resolved faster, thus reducing costly engineering science changes, because all drawings and documents were in a key database.^[7] The organisation was then effective that after Chrysler purchased AMC in 1987, it expanded the system throughout its enterprise, thus connecting everyone involved in designing and building products.^[seven]

The Chiliad Cherokee thus became the beginning Chrysler-badged Jeep product. Development piece of work for the new Jeep model connected and Chrysler'south employees (after the 1987 buyout of AMC) were eager for a late-1980s release date; nonetheless, CEO Lee Iacocca was pushing for redesigned Chrysler minivans, thus delaying the M Cherokee's release until late 1992^[8] as an Explorer competitor. Unlike the Explorer, the Grand Cherokee utilized monocoque (unibody) construction, whereas the Explorer was a derivative of the Ranger pickup with a separate body-on-frame. A Dodge branded version was designed as a precaution should Jeep dealers struggle handling so many Grand Cherokee units.^[9]

The 1000 Cherokee debuted in grand fashion at the 1992 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan. The vehicle that was driven was a Poppy Red Clear Coat 1993 Grand Cherokee ZJ Laredo with a quartz cloth interior and loftier-dorsum saucepan seats. Then Chrysler president Robert Lutz collection Detroit mayor, Coleman Young, from the Jefferson North Assembly Plant on N Jefferson Avenue via a police escort to Cobo Hall, up the steps of Cobo Hall and through a plate glass window to show off the new vehicle.^[10] Sales of the 1993 model year Yard Cherokee began in April 1992.^[xi]

Production of the Thousand Cherokee started shortly subsequently in the purpose-congenital Jefferson North Assembly in Detroit, Michigan. European Yard Cherokees are manufactured in Austria by Magna Steyr.^[12] The Thousand Cherokee "played a meaning part in reviving Chrysler'due south fortunes past moving it into the and so nascent market for high-margin sports utility vehicles."^[13]

Upon its introduction, it was the first total-scale manufacture of an automobile in the US using HFC-134a refrigerant in identify of HCFC-12 for the HVAC system.^[14]

Start generation (ZJ; 1993) [edit]

1993–1998 Jeep Grand Cherokee (US)

1993 Jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo (USA)

The original Grand Cherokee was launched in 1992 as a 1993 model yr vehicle in the luxury SUV segment. The "ZJ" models, manufactured from 1992 to 1998, originally came in three trim levels: base (besides known as SE), Laredo, and Express, subsequent trims were added, included Orvis (MY 95–98), TSI (MY97–98). The base model included features such equally full instrumentation, textile interior, and a standard five-speed manual transmission, while gaining the moniker "SE" name for the 1994 model year. Power windows and locks were non standard equipment on the base trim. The minimal price tag differential resulted in depression consumer demand, and equally a outcome, the depression-line model was eventually discontinued. Additional standard features included a commuter-side airbag and 4-bicycle anti-lock braking system (ABS). The Laredo was the mid-calibration model with standard features that included power windows, power door locks, cruise command, and a leather-wrapped steering cycle. Outside features included medium-grey plastic paneling on the lower trunk and five-spoke blend wheels. The Express was the premium model, featuring trunk-color lower trunk paneling, and gold exterior accents. The Limited also boasted standard features such as leather seating, heated mirrors, front end power seats, a keyless entry system, woodgrain interior appliqué, lace style blend wheels, a driver information center with a compass, digitized climate control, an electrochromic rearview mirror, and Jensen brand stereo with multi-band equalizer. By 1996 the options list grew to include heated seats. Standard was the iv.0, with the five.2 V8 (and v.9 in 1998) being optional, equally with other models. Bundle groups with the various trim levels included: fog lamps, slip plates, also every bit convenience, lighting, luxury, power, security, and trailer towing packages.

When it was first introduced in Apr 1992 as an early 1993 model year vehicle, the Thou Cherokee but had 1 powertrain choice: the 4.0 L AMC-derived straight-half-dozen engine that made 190 horsepower. This became the "volume" engine for the Thou Cherokee. Manual choices included a iv-speed automated transmission (early production ZJs used the AW4—the A500SE (after 42RE) replaced the AW4 during the latter half of the 1993 model year) or an Aisin AX15 manual manual. Depression need for the manual transmission resulted in its discontinuation after 1994, but European-market ZJs retained it when coupled to the diesel engine (which was unavailable in North America). The drive railroad train choices included rear-wheel drive or four-cycle-drive. In 1995, the engine dropped 5 horsepower to 185 due to new EPA regulations imposed on the 1996 model year.

In 1997, for the 1998 model year, a variant of the top-level Grand Cherokee Express, the "5.9 Express" was introduced. Jeep ads claimed it to be the "earth's fastest sport utility vehicle", verified by third-political party testing. The principal improvements in the 5.nine Limited version included a 245-horsepower 5.9L OHV V8 engine, heavy-duty 46RE automatic manual, functional heat-extracting hood louvers, unique broad-slot body-colored grille with mesh inserts, special rocker moldings, low-restriction frazzle with three-inch chrome tip, a low-contour roof rack, and special 16" Ultra-Star wheels. The 5.9 Express as well received a 150 amp alternator and a 2-speed electric cooling fan. Other features include a standard 180-watt, 10-speaker Infinity Gold sound system with rear roof-mounted soundbar, standard sunroof, and an interior swaddled with unique "calf's nap" soft leather and faux wood trim. The v.9 Limited was awarded "4×four of the Year" for 1998 by Petersen's four-Bike & Off-Road magazine. The production of this model was 14,286 units.

Consign models produced at the institute in Graz, Austria, were given the vehicle designation of "ZG".

Engines [edit]

Years	Engine	Displacement	Power	Torque	Notes
1992–1995	4.0 Fifty Straight-6	242 CID	190 hp (142 kW)	225 lb⋅ft (305 N⋅m)
1995–1998	4.0 50 Directly-6	242 CID	185 hp (138 kW)	220 lb⋅ft (298 N⋅m)	new emission standards introduced
1992–1994	5.2 L V8	318 CID	220 hp (164 kW)	285 lb⋅ft (386 North⋅m)
1994–1998	5.two L V8	318 CID	220 hp (164 kW)	300 lb⋅ft (407 N⋅chiliad)
1995–1998	2.5 L TURBO DIESEL	VM Motori/Detroit Diesel fuel	115 hp (86 kW)	221 lb⋅ft (300 Due north⋅m)	Not Bachelor in North America
1998	5.9 50 V8	360 CID	245 hp (183 kW)	345 lb⋅ft (468 N⋅m)

Production numbers^[15] [edit]

Model	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	Total
ZJ Grand Cherokee	250,143	257,557	290,132	299,726	277,789	271,841	1,647,188

2nd generation (WJ/WG; 1999) [edit]

Second generation (WJ) 1999–2004

Launched in September 1998, the redesigned WJ 1999 One thousand Cherokee shared simply 127 parts with its predecessor (more often than not fasteners). The European model was coded WG. The spare tire was relocated from the side of the cargo compartment to nether the floor. (Like the 1998MY ZJ, the rear tailgate drinking glass opened separately.) The two heavy pushrod V8 engines were replaced by Chrysler's then-new PowerTech. The new V8 engine produced less torque than the old pushrods, simply was lighter, offered better fuel economy, and provided like on-road performance figures (the 23-gallon fuel tank was replaced with 1 of a xx.5-gallon capacity). The directly-six engine was also updated. A redesign of the intake manifold added 10 horsepower (7.5 kW). While other Jeep vehicles used the Mopar 5 × four.five bolt circle, this was the start Jeep following the 1987 Chrysler buyout to receive a wider bolt pattern—five × v.

A notable feature bachelor in this generation was the automatic four-bicycle bulldoze option called Quadra-Bulldoze, which employed the New Venture Gear NV247 transfer case. This 2-speed chain-driven transfer case uses a gerotor, a clutch pack coupled to a hydraulic pump, to transfer torque between the front and rear axles. The transfer case contains three modes, 4-All Fourth dimension, Neutral, and 4-Lo. In iv-All Time, 100% of torque is sent to the rear axle in normal atmospheric condition. If the rear axle starts spinning at a college rate than the front axle, hydraulic pressure builds upwardly in the gerotor and causes the clutch pack to progressively transfer torque to the front beam until both axles render to the aforementioned speed. A neutral way is intended for towing the vehicle. In 4-Lo, the front and rear axles are locked together through a ii.72 reduction gear ratio. The NV247 transfer case is mated to front and rear axles containing Jeep'southward Vari-Lok differentials. Vari-Lok differentials also utilize a gerotor to transfer torque between the wheels on either side of the beam. The major advantage of Quadra-Drive was that the combined transfer case and progressive locking differentials in each axle could automatically command traction between all four wheels. However, just the center differential could be permanently locked, and simply in 4Lo. The Quadra-Trac II organisation included the NV247 transfer instance with the standard open front and rear differentials.

The 45RFE and 545RFE automatic transmission in the WJ was notable. It included iii planetary gear sets rather than the two normally used in a four-speed automatic. This gave it vi theoretical speeds, and information technology would have been the outset six-speed transmission always produced in book, merely information technology was programmed to only use five of these ratios. 4 were used for upshifts, with a different 2d gear for downshifts. Although five of the six ratios were used, Chrysler decided to phone call it a "4-speed automatic". For MY 2001, the programming was changed to make use of all six ratios. Rather than take six forward gears, the manual was programmed to act equally a v-speed with the alternate 2nd gear for downshifts. The rpm at 70 miles per hour (110 km/h) on a 545RFE is 2,000 rpm, 200 rpm less than the 45RFE programming. 1999 and 2000 model-yr WJ owners tin can have their 45RFE manual's programming flashed to enable the extra gear equally both transmissions are physically the same. (Must purchase new PCM and ABS module and plan them with a imitation VIN to brand this piece of work.) The 42RE four-speed automated remained the transmission for the inline 6 engine. Information technology had slight changes from the previous model Grand Cherokee.

The interior was as well completely redesigned. The redesign allowed for larger rear doors, and more infinite for rear passengers. Controls for various items similar headlights, heated seats, and rear wiper were moved to more than convenient locations. The electronic Vehicle Information center was moved from below the radio to above the windshield and was standard on 2000–2004 models. Limited models included automatic dual-zone climate command. A ten-CD changer was as well available with the Infinity Sound bundle.

In add-on to Jeep's UniFrame construction, Daimler Chrysler partnered with Porsche to farther strengthen the frame.^{[ citation needed ]} This was done to reduce Noise Vibration Harshness (NVH). UniFrame is an unusual construction scheme, it incorporates all of the strength and durability of a torso-on-frame construction into a unitized construction. Past adding stiffness and rigidity to the structure, they enhanced the ride and strengthened the network of steel beams, rail and pillars (or "safety muzzle") that surround and protect occupants. More than seventy pct of the underbody is high-strength steel. All Jeep Grand Cherokees feature UniFrame construction.

The Grand Cherokee received a minor facelift for 2004 including round fog lamps, a lower front end fascia, and a new torso colour-matched inset grille blueprint.

Export models produced at the plant in Graz, Austria, were given the vehicle designation of "WG".

4.7 Powertech engine Jeep WJ

Engines [edit]

Model Years	Engine	Deportation	Power	Torque	Notes
1999–2002	3.ane Fifty TURBO Diesel	VM Motori	140 hp (104 kW)	271 lb⋅ft (367 N⋅1000)	Not bachelor in North America
1999–2004 (1999–2005 Outside North America)	4.0 L Straight-6	242 CID	195 hp (145 kW)	230 lb⋅ft (312 Northward⋅thou)
1999–2004 (1999–2005 Outside North America)	4.7 L V8	287 CID	235 hp (175 kW)	295 lb⋅ft (400 Due north⋅yard)
2002–2005	two.seven L CRD Diesel	Mercedes Benz Diesel	163 hp (122 kW)	295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m)	Not available in North America
2002–2004 (2002–2005 Outside North America)	4.7 L H.O. V8	287 CID	265 hp (198 kW)	325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m)

Third generation (WK; 2005) [edit]

2007 Thousand Cherokee Overland

2006 Jeep Yard Cherokee (Great britain)

The WK Grand Cherokee debuted in 2004 for the 2005 model year at the 2004 New York International Machine Show with available Quadra-Drive II four-cycle drive, rear-seat DVD player and optional v.vii Fifty Hemi V8. The 3.seven L V6 engine replaced the 4.0 L Straight-6. A Mercedes Benz sourced 3.0 V6 Common Runway Diesel (CRD) was available outside of Northward America from launch.

Jeep replaced the XJ-era leading-arms live-beam front suspension (found in the ZJ and WJ) with an independent double-wishbone setup like that which debuted in the 2002 Freedom. Classed as a truck-based SUV, the WH/WK Grand Cherokee offers "crossover" refinement, capability and NVH.

The 2007 Jeep Chiliad Cherokee made its European debut at the Euro Camp Jeep in Ardèche, France. This Jeep has gained iv stars in the Euro NCAP crash safety tests conducted in 2005.

The Chiliad Cherokee received a pocket-sized facelift for 2008 with revised headlights and available Loftier-Intensity Discharge (HID) Headlamps with auto-leveling. The lower portion of the front bumper was still removable as it was from launch to increase the approach bending for off-road use. The 4.7 L was refined, now producing 305 hp (227 kW; 309 PS), and 334 lb⋅ft (453 Northward⋅grand).

The 2009 Jeep G Cherokee is bachelor with an improved 5.7 Fifty Hemi engine rated at 357 hp (266 kW; 362 PS) and 389 lb⋅ft (527 N⋅k) of torque. The engine uses variable valve timing to increase fuel economy.^[16]

Engines [edit]

Years	Engine	Deportation	Power	Torque	Notes
2005–2010	3.7 Fifty V6	225 CID (3,687 cc)	215 hp (160 kW)	235 lb⋅ft (319 Northward⋅k)	Base, Laredo, Laredo X, Express
2005–2007	4.seven Fifty V8	287 CID (4,698 cc)	230 hp (172 kW)	295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅thou)	Laredo, Laredo X, Limited
2008–2009	4.7 L V8	287 CID (4,698 cc)	305 hp (227 kW)	334 lb⋅ft (453 N⋅m)	Laredo, Laredo X, Limited
2005–2008	5.7 L Hemi V8	345 CID (five,654 cc)	325 hp (242 kW)	369 lb⋅ft (500 N⋅m)	Laredo 10, Limited, Overland
2009–2010	5.vii L Hemi V8	345 CID (5,654 cc)	357 hp (266 kW)	389 lb⋅ft (527 N⋅thou)	Laredo 10, Limited, Overland
2006–2010	vi.one L Hemi V8	370 CID (six,059 cc)	420 hp (313 kW)	420 lb⋅ft (569 N⋅m)	SRT8
2005–2010 Europe/ 2007–2009 North America	three.0 50 Mercedes-Benz OM642 V6	182 CID (2,988 cc)	215 hp (160 kW)	376 lb⋅ft (510 N⋅m)	CRD, Predator, Model S, Laredo Ten, Limited, Overland

Fourth generation (WK2; 2011) [edit]

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Overland

The 4th-generation WK2 Grand Cherokee went on auction in summer 2010 as a 2011 model.^[17] It was unveiled at the 2009 New York Motorcar Prove.^[18] In 2009, during its evolution, Chrysler direction used information technology as an example of future products to convince United States federal regulators of Chrysler's future viability for the purpose of requesting a federal loan. This culminated in the Chrysler Chapter 11 reorganization that same year.

Similar previous generations, the WK2 One thousand Cherokee chassis is a steel unibody. Unlike previous generations, it features four-wheel independent suspension for better on-route treatment. The WK2 and 2011 Durango utilise a Chrysler designed and engineered platform/chassis that Mercedes-Benz later used for the Mercedes-Benz W166 series. The Chrysler designed platform was part of the DaimlerChrysler engineering projects that were to launch the WK2 Grand Cherokee with the Mercedes-Benz ML to follow.

Engine choices include the all new 3.6 L Pentastar V6 and 5.seven 50 Hemi V8. The Hemi V8 retains the Multiple Displacement System (MDS) that shuts downward four cylinders in low-ability driving situations. The V8 comes with the multi-speed automatic transmission that includes Electronic Range Selection (ERS) to manually limit the high gear operating range. Trailer towing is rated vii,400 lb (3,357 kg) for Hemi models and vi,800 lb (iii,084 kg) for Pentastar models.^[nineteen] A 3.0 50 turbocharged diesel V6 developed and congenital by Fiat Powertrain Technologies and VM Motori (with Multijet 2 injection^[20]) rated at 177 kW (241 PS; 237 hp) and 550 Northward⋅m (406 lbf⋅ft) of torque offered in consign markets from mid-2011.^[21] The new iii.0 50 CRD turbodiesel engine is bachelor in European markets every bit 140 kW (190 PS; 188 hp) depression-ability version.^[22]

The new 1000 Cherokee SRT8, which started production on July 16, 2011,^[23] is equipped with a 470 hp (350 kW; 477 PS) half dozen.4 L Hemi V8 engine. Jeep claims the new SRT8 gets xiii pct improve fuel economy than its predecessor.^{[ citation needed ]}

For the 2022 model year, Jeep marketed the outgoing Grand Cherokee WK2 alongside the all-new Grand Cherokee WL model every bit the "Yard Cherokee WK" (not to be confused with the Grand Cherokee (WK), which was produced from 2005 until 2010). The lineup is condensed to base Laredo "Due east", mid-level Laredo "X", and range-topping Limited trims, with the only engine option beingness the base of operations three.6-liter Pentastar V6 gasoline engine.^[24]

Engines [edit]

Years	Engine	Deportation	Power	Torque	Notes
2011–	3.vi L Pentastar V6	220 CID (three,604 cc)	295 hp (220 kW)	260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m)	Laredo, Laredo E, Laredo X, Altitude, Limited, Sterling Edition, Trailhawk, Overland, High Altitude, Summit[25]
2011–	5.7 L Hemi V8	345 CID (5,654 cc)	360 hp (268 kW)	390 lb⋅ft (529 Northward⋅m)	Laredo X (up to 2013), Distance (up to 2013), Limited, Sterling Edition, Trailhawk, Overland, Loftier Distance, Summit[25]
2012–2021	6.4 L Hemi V8	392 CID (six,417 cc)	470 hp (350 kW)	470 lb⋅ft (637 North⋅m)	SRT8, SRT[26]
2018–2021	6.two 50 supercharged Hemi V8	376 CID (6,166 cc)	707 hp (527 kW)	645 lb⋅ft (875 N⋅m)	Trackhawk[27]
2011–2018	3.0 50 CRD V6	182 CID (two,988 cc)	140 kW (190 PS; 188 hp)	440 N⋅thousand (325 lbf⋅ft)	US SPEC Lower output to meet emission standards
2014–	iii.0 L CRD V6	182 CID (2,988 cc)	179 kW (243 PS; 240 hp)	569 Due north⋅k (420 lb⋅ft)	Available outside North America from launch. U.s. SPEC Limited, Overland, Peak[25]

Fifth generation (WL; 2021) [edit]

Motor vehicle

Fifth generation (WL)
2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee Summit Reserve
Overview
Production	2021–present
Model years	2021–present (One thousand Cherokee L) 2022–present (Chiliad Cherokee)[28]
Associates	United States: Detroit, Michigan (Jefferson North Associates Establish, Thousand Cherokee); (Mack Avenue Associates Complex; 1000 Cherokee 50)
Designer	Ralph Gilles
Body and chassis
Platform	FCA Giorgio Platform
Related	Alfa Romeo Stelvio
Powertrain
Engine	Gasoline: 3.6 L Pentastar V6 five.vii Fifty Hemi V8 Gasoline PHEV: 2.0 L Hurricane I4-T (4xe)
Electric motor	33 kW (44 hp; 45 PS) FCA IPMSM + 100 kW (134 hp; 136 PS) integrated transmission-traction motor (4xe)
Transmission	8-speed Torqueflite 850RE automatic
Hybrid drivetrain	PHEV (4xe)
Bombardment	17-kWh, 96-cell Li-ion, Nickel Manganese Cobalt battery (LiNiMnCoO2; PHEV)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	116.7 in (2,964 mm) (SWB) 121.vii in (three,091 mm) (LWB)
Length	193.5 in (4,915 mm) (SWB) 204.nine in (5,204 mm) (LWB)
Width	77.nine in (1,979 mm)
Peak	71.5 in (ane,816 mm)
Curb weight	4,513–5,558 lb (ii,047–2,521 kg) (SWB) 4,618–five,353 lb (2,095–2,428 kg) (LWB)

The fifth generation (WL) Grand Cherokee was revealed as the three-row LWB version, Grand Cherokee L on January 7, 2021. The two-row version was revealed on September 30, 2021.^{[29] [30]} The Thou Cherokee Fifty is assembled at the new Mack Avenue Assembly Complex, which is built on the grounds of the Mack Artery Engine Complex in Detroit, Michigan. The two-row Thou Cherokee volition go along to be assembled at the nearby Jefferson North Assembly Institute, where it has been assembled since its introduction in 1992 for the 1993 model yr.

3 different four-wheel-drive systems volition exist available: Quadra-Trac I, Quadra-Trac II featuring depression range, and Quadra-Drive II with low range and "Quadra Lift" air suspension organization, besides as rear-wheel drive. When properly equipped, the Chiliad Cherokee will exist able to tow upwards to vii,200 lbs. The One thousand Cherokee will besides be able to ford up to ii anxiety (24 inches) of water (when equipped with the Quadra Lift air intermission system). All engines will be mated to a ZF-sourced eight-speed automatic transmission that is controlled via a rotary shift knob. The Selec Terrain system, first introduced on the Jeep M Cherokee (WK2), will also be bachelor on the Grand Cherokee WL, and is at present controlled via a toggle switch in the center panel. The Quadra Lift air suspension system is bachelor only with the Quadra-Drive Two system.

The 2021 Grand Cherokee is the third Fiat Chrysler Automobiles product to offering the new UConnect 5 infotainment suite, which volition offer either an viii.4-inch or 10.ane-inch high-resolution touchscreen display, SiriusXM Satellite Radio with 360L, SiriusXM Travel Link services, UConnect Guardian (powered by SiriusXM, a 4G LTE wireless Net hotspot, wireless Apple tree CarPlay and Android Machine smartphone integration, and an integrated virtual assistant that can be activated by the phrase, "Hey UConnect", or "Hey Jeep", and can control multiple features of the vehicle, too as provide other pertinent information.

Thousand Cherokee L [edit]

2021 1000 Cherokee L Peak

2021 Jeep 1000 Cherokee L Express

The Chiliad Cherokee L went on sale in June 2021, wheelbase is vi.9 in (175 mm) longer than the previous generation ii-row model, and 5 in (127 mm) longer than its two-row counterpart. It is equipped with an independent forepart and multi-link rear intermission.^[31] Information technology arrived in United mexican states in September 2021, offered only in the Summit Reserve 4X4 trim.^[32]

The Grand Cherokee L is bachelor in v trim levels: Laredo, Altitude, Limited, Overland, and Superlative. While all models volition be powered by a three.6-liter Pentastar V6 gasoline engine producing 290 hp (294 PS; 216 kW) and 257 lb⋅ft (348 N⋅one thousand; 35.5 kg⋅1000) (now assisted past the eTorque Mild Hybrid system), Overland and Summit models will also offer the five.7-liter HEMI V8 gasoline engine with Multi Deportation System (MDS) that will produce 357 hp (362 PS; 266 kW) and 390 lb⋅ft (529 North⋅yard; 53.9 kg⋅g) of torque.

For the first time, the Grand Cherokee will offering a 950-watt, nineteen-speaker McIntosh premium amplified surroundings sound audio system, replacing the previous 825-watt, eighteen-speaker Harman Kardon system on the Chiliad Cherokee WK2. Other new features available for the first time on a Grand Cherokee include massaging front seats, a rear seat view camera, a surround-view (360-caste) camera organisation, a rear view camera digital mirror, wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone integration, Qi-uniform wireless device charging, heated and ventilated second-row seats, second-row captain's chairs, twenty-ane inch tires and wheels, Level ii semi-autonomous driving technology, and power-folding 2d and third-row seats.

For 2022, the Grand Cherokee 50, along with the all-new two-row Yard Cherokee, received the front rider interactive touchscreen brandish, which was showtime introduced on the Jeep Wagoneer and Jeep G Wagoneer^{[ disambiguation needed ]}. Integrated into the woodgrain trim on the passenger side of the dashboard, the widescreen brandish allows the rider to stream music wirelessly via Bluetooth to the vehicle's audio system, view the GPS navigation map, and send destinations direct to the central touchscreen display'south navigation system. The display features a special coating that allow only the forepart passenger to view information technology while the vehicle is in motility.

Thousand Cherokee [edit]

2022 Grand Cherokee Meridian Reserve

2022 Grand Cherokee 4xe Trailhawk

Originally scheduled to exist released for the 2021 model year, but delayed until 2022, The ii-row Chiliad Cherokee is available in seven trim levels: Laredo, Distance, Limited, Overland, Trailhawk, Tiptop, and Summit Reserve (the off-road oriented Trailhawk trim volition not exist available on the long wheelbase Grand Cherokee L model). Compared to the previous generation two-row Grand Cherokee, the total rider book increases by 4.1 cubic feet (120 L), while cargo space is upwardly i.4 cubic feet (40 L).^[33]

Engine choices are carried over from the previous generation Thou Cherokee (WK2), with 2 naturally-aspirated units, but too added is turbocharged gasoline/electrical plug-in hybrid (PHEV) powertrain. The base engine on all Grand Cherokees is the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 gasoline engine, producing 290 hp (294 PS; 216 kW), and 257 lb⋅ft (348 Due north⋅m; 35.5 kg⋅m) of torque.

The optional engine, available on all Grand Cherokee trims aside from the Laredo, Altitude, and Limited, is the five.7-liter HEMI V8 gasoline engine with the Multi Deportation Arrangement (MDS) cylinder deactivation system, producing 360 horsepower, and 390 lb. ft. of torque. When equipped with the 5.7-liter HEMI V8 gasoline engine, the all-new G Cherokee has a maximum towing capacity of 7,200 lbs. All engines, including the Plug In Hybrid (PHEV) powertrain, are paired with an 8-speed automatic transmission, with Stellantis manufacturing the 850RE manual for the 3.6-liter model, and ZF manufacturing the 8HP70 transmission for the v.7-liter model (all transmissions are based on the design of the ZF 8HP manual, and use a new rotary controller in the center console). In addition to rear-wheel-bulldoze, three different four-wheel-drive systems are available, and utilize a new Selec-Terrain toggle controller (the Quadra Drive II 4-bicycle-drive system as well features the Quadra-Lift air suspension arrangement. The Quadra-Lift system can heighten or lower the vehicle to dissimilar heights, and is standard on all Trailhawk models.

It is available with an optional 4xe plug-in hybrid available on the Limited, Trailhawk, Overland, Elevation, and Superlative Reserve trim levels. It uses an electrically assisted 2.0-liter turbocharged four-cylinder making a full of 375 hp (380 PS; 280 kW) and 470 lb⋅ft (637 Northward⋅m; 65.0 kg⋅m). The 17 kWh battery pack provides an estimated 25 mi (twoscore km) of range when running solely on electrical power. It has the power to tow half dozen,000 pounds (2,722 kg).^{[34] [35]}

Recalls [edit]

On February 25, 2022, Stellantis and Jeep issued a stop sale society for 2022 M Cherokee and Chiliad Cherokee L models in dealership inventory. The order was issued after it was discovered that the Radio Frequency Hub Module (RFHM) in some vehicles would cause the vehicles to not recognize the key fox, rendering the vehicles unable to start. This would crave the vehicles to exist towed to the dealership. The stop auction order only affected a "express number of vehicles", and parts were shipped to dealerships as before long as they became available.^[36]

Sales [edit]

Calendar year	Us	Canada	Commonwealth of australia	Europe	Exterior North America	Total
1992	128,960[37]
1993	217,430
1994	238,512[38]
1995	252,168
1996	279,195		2,001
1997	260,875[39]		two,139	17,991[40]
1998	229,135		1,179	xvi,532
1999[41]	300,031		ii,130	26,028
2000	271,723		2,219	24,731
2001[42]	223,612		1,816	18,865
2002[43]	224,233		i,800	23,836
2003	207,479		1,778	20,681
2004[44]	182,313	seven,454	1,399	18,684
2005	213,584	nine,166	i,346	16,855
2006[45]	139,148	seven,075	1,365	20,597	4,058
2007	120,937	8,078	i,077	15,934	3,250
2008[46]	73,678	seven,617	629	8,384	two,856
2009[47]	fifty,328	6,254[48]	404	4,215	14,869[49]	71,451
2010[50]	84,635	seven,255[48]	441[51]	3,785
2011[52]	127,744	x,283	3,374	6,161
2012[53]	154,734	ten,416[54]	8,373	ten,383	165,150
2013[55]	174,275	eleven,587	12,931	11,155	69,143	255,005[56]
2014	183,786[57]	13,150	xvi,582	xiii,820	82,631	279,567
2015[58]	195,958	11,605	11,964	13,719	69,673	277,236
2016	212,273[59]	15,091[60]	vi,379	13,191
2017	240,696[61]	xvi,877[62]	five,356	ten,167
2018	224,908[63]	14,099	3,939[64]	7,963
2019	242,969[65]	19,459[66]	2,986[67]	7,129
2020	209,786[68]	fifteen,521	2,870[69]	4,636
2021	264,444	xix,442	3,010

Recalls [edit]

Fuel system integrity [edit]

In 2010, the National Highway Traffic Rubber Administration (NHTSA) launched an investigation into 1993–2004 model year Jeep Thousand Cherokees which involves the fuel tanks of these SUVs. In moderate- to loftier-free energy rear collisions, the fuel tank (located behind the rear axle) could be compromised structurally, resulting in fuel leakage and fire. The NHTSA claims that it has reports of 157 deaths resulting from fires caused past Grand Cherokees crashing. Also affected are 2002–2007 Jeep Liberty models and 1986–2001 Jeep Cherokee models, which totals about 5.1 million afflicted vehicles.^[70]

In June 2013, Chrysler Corporation responded to the recall, like-minded to recollect two.seven million Jeeps, though eliminating both the 1986–2001 Jeep Cherokee (XJ) and 1999–2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ from the call back. The retrieve will include 2.7 million 1993–1998 Jeep Grand Cherokee ZJ and 2002–2007 Jeep Liberty KJ vehicles.

Ii weeks prior to this retrieve, Chrysler Corporation claimed that the affected Jeep vehicles were safety, citing the vehicles' rates of fatal rear-impact crashes involving burn besides as their compliance with and then-electric current requirements of FMVSS standard No. 301,^{[71] [72]} though agreed to recall the affected vehicles later. To remedy the problem, Jeep dealerships will install a trailer hitch onto the rear bumpers of the vehicles that volition protect the fuel tank if the vehicle is involved in a rear bear on. If an affected vehicle is not currently equipped with a trailer hitch, one will be installed onto it, and older Jeep and non-manufactory aftermarket trailer hitches volition exist replaced with one from Chrysler Corporation. Despite the recall, the market for these Jeep vehicles has non suffered.^[73]

Transfer case actuator [edit]

In May 2013 there was a recall of WKs with the Quadra-Bulldoze Ii and Quadra-Trac II systems. This followed cases of cars rolling abroad due to the transfer case moving into neutral of its own accordance, and the owner not having applied the parking restriction. The recall revised the Final Drive Control Module (FDCM) software. Nevertheless, following the recall there were widespread reports on enthusiast web sites^[74] of both the neutral and low ratio modes of the transfer case ceasing to function, and a survey showed that fewer than 10% of respondents had experienced no problems with the recall.^[75] Attempting to resolve these bug, some dealers subsequently replaced the transfer case actuator, FDCM, and even the transfer case itself, often at customer expense and ordinarily to no avail.

The crusade of the gyre-aways was faulty soldering in the transfer case actuator. Information technology has been deduced that the revised software detects this past noting whatsoever divergence in resistance, and thereupon locks the transfer case in the high ratio for rubber; merely that it is over-reacting to small-scale resistance variations from other causes. Originally Chrysler dealers claimed that the loss of neutral and low ratio post-obit the recollect was a coincidence; then it claimed that the revised software was revealing pre-existing faults in the system, despite information technology occurring even with new parts. Chrysler has also claimed that just a small fraction of cars accept bug following the retrieve;^[76] just most users never have occasion to utilize the low ratio and may never observe the fault. 4 years afterwards this recall its issues remain unresolved.

Transmission parking pawl [edit]

In Apr 2016, the National Highway Traffic Prophylactic Assistants (NHTSA) ordered a call up of 2014 and 2015 Jeep Yard Cherokees and other cars that use an electronic gear shifter because information technology sometimes does not go into (or does not remain in) the park position, despite the operator'due south best intentions. Consumers reported that they put the auto in park and left the engine running, and then were surprised when the automobile rolled away under power.

An investigation by FCA United states of america and the National Highway Traffic Safety Assistants plant some drivers have exited their vehicles without showtime selecting "PARK." Such behavior may pose a prophylactic risk if a vehicle's engine is nonetheless running. The company is aware of 41 injuries that are potentially related. Information technology was also the crusade of thespian Anton Yelchin's expiry. The vehicles involved in these events were inspected and no evidence of equipment failure was found. The vehicles also evangelize alert chimes and alert messages if their driver-side doors are opened while their engines are all the same running and "PARK" is not engaged. However, the investigation suggested these measures may be insufficient to deter some drivers from exiting their vehicles without selecting "PARK," and then FCA US volition raise the warnings and transmission-shift strategy on these vehicles. The enhancements will combine warnings with a transmission-shift strategy to automatically prevent a vehicle from moving, under certain circumstances, even if the commuter fails to select "PARK."^[77]

The last ready was Prophylactic Recall S27 / NHTSA 16V-240, a software update that adds an "car park" feature that will automatically put the vehicle in park if the commuter's door is opened and the driver seatbelt is unlatched while the vehicle is stopped or moving slowly.

Jeep has at present replaced the shifter with a conventional lever which stays in position for late-2016 models.

Other recalls [edit]

In July 2017, 2012–14 Jeep Thousand Cherokee SUVs were recalled due to possible alternator failure. If the alternator fails, the vehicle may stall and/or if the alternator has a short circuit, a burn down may occur.^[78]

In October 2017, 2011–xiv model year Grand Cherokees were recalled due to improperly installed brake shields in some vehicles.^[79]

See also [edit]

• Jeep Cherokee (SJ), the similarly named 1974–83 predecessor

Notes [edit]

1. ^
   • Chrysler Corporation (1992–1998)
   • DaimlerChrysler (1998–2007)
   • Chrysler LLC (2007–2009)
   • Chrysler Group LLC (2009–2014)
   • FCA U.s. LLC (2014–2021)
   • Stellantis Northward America (2021–nowadays)

References [edit]

Inline

1. ^ Niebuhr, Kurt (September 3, 2020). "Jeep Grand Cherokee Prices, Reviews, and Pictures | Edmunds". Edmunds.com.
2. ^ "Jeep Grand Cherokee Review". Retrieved 10 April 2011.
3. ^ "The development of the Jeep Thou Cherokee blueprint". Archived from the original on 29 July 2010. Retrieved two June 2015.
4. ^ Rothenberg, Al (1 March 1998). "Design Contend—Who'southward the begetter of the Jeep G Cherokee?". Ward's AutoWorld. Archived from the original on xv Dec 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
5. ^ "1991 Jeep Concept one (Note: shown first in 1989)". ajeepthing.com. 2006. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved viii March 2013.
6. ^ Shilovitsky, Oleg (12 July 2010). "Commentary: Making PLM and ERP work together". onwindows.com. Archived from the original on 27 Feb 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
7. ^ ^{a b c} Hill, Jr., Sidney (May 2003). "How To Be A Trendsetter: Dassault and IBM PLM Customers Bandy Tales From The PLM Front". COE news net. Archived from the original on thirteen February 2009. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
8. ^ Foster, Patrick R. (2004). The Story of Jeep. Krause Publications. p. 221. ISBN978-0-87349-735-0 . Retrieved two June 2015.
9. ^ Foster, Patrick R. (2014). Jeep : the history of America's greatest vehicle. Minneapolis, MN. p. 142. ISBN978-0-7603-4585-6. OCLC 858901110.
10. ^ "1992 Jeep Grand Cherokee Introduction". Male monarch Rose Archives. Archived from the original on 2021-12-22. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
11. ^ Hyde, Charles K. (2003). Riding the Roller Coaster: a history of the Chrysler Corporation. Wayne State Academy Printing. p. 296. ISBN978-0-8143-3091-3 . Retrieved ii June 2015.
12. ^ National University of Engineering. Commission on the Offshoring of Engineering (2008). The offshoring of engineering: facts, unknowns, and potential implications. National Academies Press. p. 73. ISBN978-0-309-11483-vii . Retrieved 2 June 2015.
13. ^ Greasley, Andrew (1999). Operations Management in Business organisation. S. Thornes. p. 112. ISBN9780748720842 . Retrieved 2 June 2015.
14. ^ Andersen, Stephen O.; Sarma, G. Madhava (2012). Protecting the Ozone Layer: The United Nations History. Earthscan. p. 390. ISBN978-1-84977-226-6.
15. ^ "Jeep U.s.a. / Canada Cars and Production Numbers, 1988 and".
16. ^ "2009 Jeep M Cherokee Gets Powerful Heave from New HEMI Engine and More Premium Amenities". jeephorizons.com . Retrieved September 3, 2008.
17. ^ Ulrich, Lawrence (2009-04-08). "2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee". The New York Times . Retrieved 2010-06-30 .
18. ^ Paukert, Chris (2009-04-08). "New York: Muscled-up 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee volition take the stairs, thanks". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2010-06-30 .
19. ^ Paukert, Chris (2009-04-08). "New York: 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee must serve two masters". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2010-06-30 .
20. ^ "New Jeep Grand Cherokee At present Powered by New iii.0-liter Turbo Diesel Engine". Jeeppress-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2011-05-11 .
21. ^ "All-new Jeep Grand Cherokee Now Powered past New 3.0-liter Turbo Diesel fuel Engine". chrysler.com. 2011-02-21.
22. ^ "Jeep Grand Cherokee". jeep.de. Archived from the original on Baronial 10, 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-02 .
23. ^ "Jeep Chiliad Cherokee WK2 – six.4L SRT8". Wk2jeeps.com. Retrieved 2011-06-02 .
24. ^ "2022 Jeep® M Cherokee WK | Most Awarded SUV Ever".
25. ^ ^{a b c} "Archived re-create" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-05-12. Retrieved 2013-02-01 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived re-create as title (link)
26. ^ "2014 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT – Specifications" (PDF). Chrysler Media. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
27. ^ "2021 Jeep® Grand Cherokee Functioning - Trackhawk & SRT".
28. ^ "2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee revealed: New 4xe PHEV with 25-mile range". Motor1.com . Retrieved 2021-09-30 .
29. ^ "2022 Jeep G Cherokee v-Seater SWB Introduces Model's Get-go Hybrid Option". Carscoops. 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2021-09-30 .
30. ^ "2021 Jeep Grand Cherokee L Debuts With Hit Looks And Added Luxury". Carscoops. seven January 2021. Retrieved 2021-01-07 .
31. ^ Hoffman, Connor (2021-01-07). "2021 Jeep Grand Cherokee 50 Iii-Row SUV Is Beginning of Luxurious New Generation". Motorcar and Commuter . Retrieved 2021-01-07 .
32. ^ Juárez, Mauricio (eight September 2021). "La Jeep 1000 Cherokee Fifty 2021 ya tiene precio en México: una versión, capacidad off-route y lujo al estilo estadounidense". Motorpasión México (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 14 September 2021.
33. ^ "2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee vs. G Cherokee 50 | A game of inches". Autoblog . Retrieved 2021-09-xxx .
34. ^ "2022 Jeep Thou Cherokee Revealed: New 4xe PHEV With 25-Mile Range". Motor1.com . Retrieved 2021-09-30 .
35. ^ "The Sectional 2023 Jeep Grand Cherokee Preview". Cars Authorisation. 28 Oct 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-28 .
36. ^ "2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee End-Auction Ordered over Unwanted Immobilizing". 25 February 2022.
37. ^ Car sales Base of operations (Sales United states of america Jeep Grand Cherokee 1992-2020)
38. ^ Mateja, Jim (1997-02-16). "Trucks Are Tops". Chicago Tribune.
39. ^ http://www.kama.or.kr/RS/pdf/west(2000_2007)/total(2002).pdf Archived May two, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
40. ^ Car Sales Base (Sales Europe Jeep M Cherokee 1997-2020)
41. ^ "Chrysler Group Announces Year-Finish and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
42. ^ "Chrysler Group Reports U.S. December Sales". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
43. ^ "Chrysler Grouping Reports Dec 2003 Sales Increase of 2 Per centum". Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
44. ^ "Chrysler Grouping 2005 U.S. Sales Rise five Percent, Highest Since 2000; December Sales Decline In Line with Overall Manufacture". Prnewswire.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
45. ^ "Full Chrysler LLC December 2007 Sales Up 1 Percent on the Strength of Retail; Demand..." Reuters. 2008-01-03. Archived from the original on February 3, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
46. ^ "Chrysler LLC Reports Dec 2008 U.Due south. Sales". News.prnewswire.com. Archived from the original on February iv, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-01 .
47. ^ "Award-winning Calendar month Drives Chrysler Group LLC's December U.Due south. Sales". News.prnewswire.com. 2010-01-05. Retrieved 2010-01-06 .
48. ^ ^{a b} "canada2010". media.chrysler.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-02 .
49. ^ "Chrysler Group LLC Reports Dec 2009 Sales Outside N America". media.chrysler.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-02 .
50. ^ "December 2010 Sales: Chrysler". cheersandgears.com. 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2011-01-04 .
51. ^ "Fuel efficiency the big priority for Australian drivers". 16 Feb 2015.
52. ^ "Chrysler sales shoot up 37% (26% for 2011)". allpar.com. Archived from the original on 2012-01-ten. Retrieved 2012-01-04 .
53. ^ "Chrysler Group LLC Reports December 2012 U.S. Sales Increased x Percent" (Press release). Chrysler Group LLC. 2013-01-03. Retrieved 2013-01-04 .
54. ^ "Chrysler Canada Finishes Year With Best Sales Since 2000". Media.chrysler.com. Retrieved 2014-03-07 .
55. ^ "Chrysler Group LLC Reports December 2013 U.S. Sales Increased vi Per centum – Best December Sales in Half-dozen Years; Full-Year Sales Up 9 Percent – Strongest Annual Sales Since 2007". Media.chrysler.com. Retrieved 2014-03-07 .
56. ^ "Jeep® Brand Records New Best Global Sales Record in 2013". Media.chrysler.com. Retrieved 2014-03-07 .
57. ^ "FCA US LLC Reports December 2014 U.S. Sales Increased 20 Percent – All-time December Sales in a Decade; Full-Year Sales Up 16 Per centum – Strongest Annual Sales Since 2006". FCA US LLC. Jan 5, 2015. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
58. ^ "Jeep® Brand Records Quaternary Consecutive Global Sales Record" (Press release). Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
59. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA United states of america Reports 2016 December and Full-yr U.S. Sales".
60. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA Canada December and Full-year 2016 Sales".
61. ^ "FCA Usa Reports 2017 Dec and Full-twelvemonth Sales".
62. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA Canada Reports December and Total Yr Sales Record for Jeep® Wrangler".
63. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA Usa Reports 2018 December and Full-Year Sales".
64. ^ Car Italian republic (Sales Australia Jeep 1000 Cherokee 2011-2018)
65. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA US Reports Fourth-quarter and Total-year 2019 Sales".
66. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA Canada Reports Fourth-quarter and Total-year Sales".
67. ^ "2021 Jeep Thou Cherokee debuts "later this yr"; FCA design boss". 2 March 2020.
68. ^ "Stellantis Media - FCA US Reports Fourth Quarter and Full-yr 2020 Sales Results".
69. ^ "Jeep goes after Prado with all-new Grand Cherokee Fifty".
70. ^ Jensen, Christopher (2013-05-23). "Consumer Advocacy Grouping Calls for a Recollect of 5 One thousand thousand Jeep M Cherokees". The New York Times . Retrieved 2 June 2013.
71. ^ "FCA US Media - Chrysler Group LLC Responds to NHTSA Remember Letter of the alphabet". media.fcanorthamerica.com. 4 June 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
72. ^ Borris, Frank (3 June 2013). "EA12-005RECALL REQUESTLETTER-ForFinal - ODI Jeep Recollect Request" (PDF). Center for Automobile Safety, Inc. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2020. Retrieved xiv Apr 2019.
73. ^ Krisher, Tom; Durbin, Dee-Ann (18 June 2013). "Chrysler Recalls 2.vii Million Older Jeep Grand Cherokee, Jeep Liberty Vehicles". The Huffington Mail service . Retrieved viii July 2013.
74. ^ "Jeepforum.com (for instance)".
75. ^ "Jeepforum.com poll".
76. ^ "Truckyeah website".
77. ^ "Statement: Shift Strategy". FCA The states Media Website. Retrieved 22 Apr 2016.
78. ^ "2011-2014 Chrysler 300, Dodge Challenger, Charger, Durango; 2012-2014 Jeep Thou Cherokee: Call back Alert". Cars.com. 14 July 2017. Retrieved fourteen July 2017.
79. ^ "Fiat Chrysler recollect: 700,000 Jeep, Contrivance SUVs may need brake fix". The states Today. 3 October 2017. Retrieved 7 Oct 2017.

General

• Berg, Phil. "Jeep M Cherokee Preview". Car and Driver (August 1998): 69–70.

External links [edit]

• Jeep Grand Cherokee website Archived 2016-11-11 at the Wayback Machine

aaronsidged.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee

Share this post